Two-Dimensional Arrays

• To declare a two-dimensional array in C, you specify the data type of the elements and the size of rows and columns using the syntax:
  data_type array_name[rows][columns].

Initialisation of two dimensional array

• Initializing a two-dimensional array in C can be done at the time of declaration or later in your program.
• Here are examples of both approaches:
Program.c
#include <stdio.h> int main() { // Initializing a 2x3 integer matrix at the time of declaration int matrix[2][3] = { {1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6} }; // Accessing and printing array elements for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) { printf("Element at position (%d, %d): %d\n", i, j, matrix[i][j]); } } return 0; }

Output:
Element at position (0, 0): 1
Element at position (0, 1): 2
Element at position (0, 2): 3
Element at position (1, 0): 4
Element at position (1, 1): 5
Element at position (1, 2): 6


• In this example, the two-dimensional array matrix is declared and initialized with specific values.
Program.c
#include <stdio.h> int main() { // Declaring a 2x3 integer matrix int matrix[2][3]; // Initializing array elements later in the program matrix[0][0] = 1; matrix[0][1] = 2; matrix[0][2] = 3; matrix[1][0] = 4; matrix[1][1] = 5; matrix[1][2] = 6; // Accessing and printing array elements for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) { for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) { printf("Element at position (%d, %d): %d\n", i, j, matrix[i][j]); } } return 0; }

Output:
Element at position (0, 0): 1
Element at position (0, 1): 2
Element at position (0, 2): 3
Element at position (1, 0): 4
Element at position (1, 1): 5
Element at position (1, 2): 6


• In this second example, the two-dimensional array matrix is declared first, and then its elements are initialized later in the program.
• The nested loops are used to iterate over the rows and columns of the matrix, similar to the first example.

   #include 

                            int main()

                            {

                                int ary[2][3];

                                ary[][] = {
                                    {1, 2, 3},
                                    {4, 5, 6}
                                };

                                printf("%d\n", ary[1][0]);

                            }