File management in C involves operations related to reading from and writing to files. In C programming, the standard input/output library provides functions that enable the creation, opening, reading, writing, and closing of files. File management is crucial for tasks such as data storage, retrieval, and manipulation.

Introduction:

In C programming, files are used for storing and retrieving data persistently on a computer's storage media, such as a hard drive or an SSD.

1. Defining a File Pointer:A file pointer is a variable that holds the reference to a file. It's used to navigate through the file and perform various file operations. The FILE structure, defined in stdio.h, is used to create file pointers.

Ex:-
          #include 
          FILE *filePointer;  // Declare a file pointer
          

2. Opening a File (fopen):The fopen function is used to open a file. It takes two parameters: the filename and the mode. The mode specifies the purpose of opening the file, such as read, write, or append.

Ex:-
         filePointer = fopen("example.txt", "r");

3.closing a file:Closing a file in C is done using the fclose function. This function is important because it releases system resources associated with the file, making them available for other operations. Here's how you close a file:

Ex:-
          fclose(filepointer);

Examples :

Program.c

#include <stdio.h> int main() { FILE *filePointer; // Declare a file pointer // Define the filename const char *filename = "example.txt"; // Open the file for writing filePointer = fopen(filename, "w"); // Check for errors in opening the file if (filePointer == NULL) { perror("Error opening file"); return 1; // Return an error code } // Write data to the file fprintf(filePointer, "Hello, File!\nThis is a simple program."); // Close the file when done fclose(filePointer); printf("File '%s' created and closed successfully.\n", filename); return 0; // Return success code }

Output:

         File 'example.txt' created and closed successfully.
         In example.text file
         Hello, File!
         This is a simple program.