File Input Operations:

Reading Characters:

          1)fgetc: Reads a single character from a file.
          getc: Similar to fgetc, reads a character from a file.
          Reading Lines:

          2)fgets: Reads a line of text from a file.
          Reading Formatted Data:

          3)fscanf: Reads formatted data from a file.
          scanf: Reads formatted data from a string.
  
        

File Output Operations:

Writing Characters:

1)fputc: Writes a single character to a file.
          putc: Similar to fputc, writes a character to a file.
          Writing Strings:
          
          2)fputs: Writes a string to a file.
          puts: Similar to fputs, writes a string to a file.
          Writing Formatted Data:
          
          3)fprintf: Writes formatted data to a file.
          sprintf: Writes formatted data to a string.
          

Writing Binary Data:

1)fwrite: Writes a block of data to a file.

Examples :

Program.c

#include <stdio.h> // Writing characters to a file using fputc void writeCharactersToFile() { FILE *outputFile = fopen("output.txt", "w"); if (outputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening output file"); return; } fputc('A', outputFile); putc('B', outputFile); fclose(outputFile); } // Reading characters from a file using fgetc void readCharactersFromFile() { FILE *inputFile = fopen("output.txt", "r"); if (inputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening input file"); return; } int ch1 = fgetc(inputFile); int ch2 = getc(inputFile); printf("Characters read from the file: %c %c\n", (char)ch1, (char)ch2); fclose(inputFile); } // Writing a string to a file using fputs void writeStringToFile() { FILE *outputFile = fopen("output.txt", "a"); // "a" mode for append if (outputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening output file"); return; } fputs("Hello, File!\n", outputFile); fclose(outputFile); } // Reading a line from a file using fgets void readLineFromFile() { FILE *inputFile = fopen("output.txt", "r"); if (inputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening input file"); return; } char buffer[50]; fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), inputFile); printf("Line read from the file: %s", buffer); fclose(inputFile); } // Writing formatted data to a file using fprintf void writeFormattedDataToFile() { FILE *outputFile = fopen("output.txt", "a"); // "a" mode for append if (outputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening output file"); return; } fprintf(outputFile, "Formatted Output: %d %s\n", 42, "is a number"); fclose(outputFile); } // Reading formatted data from a file using fscanf void readFormattedDataFromFile() { FILE *inputFile = fopen("output.txt", "r"); if (inputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening input file"); return; } int formattedNumber; char formattedString[20]; fscanf(inputFile, "Formatted Output: %d %s", &formattedNumber, formattedString); printf("Formatted data read from the file: %d %s\n", formattedNumber, formattedString); fclose(inputFile); } // Writing binary data to a file using fwrite void writeBinaryDataToFile() { FILE *outputFile = fopen("output.txt", "ab"); // "ab" mode for append in binary if (outputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening output file"); return; } int binaryData[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; fwrite(binaryData, sizeof(int), 5, outputFile); fclose(outputFile); } // Reading binary data from a file using fread void readBinaryDataFromFile() { FILE *inputFile = fopen("output.txt", "rb"); // "rb" mode for read in binary if (inputFile == NULL) { perror("Error opening input file"); return; } int readBinaryData[5]; fread(readBinaryData, sizeof(int), 5, inputFile); printf("Binary data read from the file: "); for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) { printf("%d ", readBinaryData[i]); } printf("\n"); fclose(inputFile); } int main() { // Writing characters to a file writeCharactersToFile(); // Reading characters from a file readCharactersFromFile(); // Writing a string to a file writeStringToFile(); // Reading a line from a file readLineFromFile(); // Writing formatted data to a file writeFormattedDataToFile(); // Reading formatted data from a file readFormattedDataFromFile(); // Writing binary data to a file writeBinaryDataToFile(); // Reading binary data from a file readBinaryDataFromFile(); return 0; }

Output:

            Characters read from the file: A B
            Line read from the file: ABHello, File!
            Formatted data read from the file: 65 *
            Binary data read from the file:
             1699234369 745499756 1818838560 168632677 1836216134